雅思閱讀技巧_代詞和轉(zhuǎn)折的分析和使用

發(fā)布時(shí)間：2017-10-19 14:40:00 關(guān)注量：11668次

在雅思閱讀考試中，考鴨們常常會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)一個(gè)很有趣的現(xiàn)象,，那就是明明定位很準(zhǔn)確,，但就是找不到答案。這種情況是多方面原因造成的,，常見的就是忽視了代詞和轉(zhuǎn)折,。那么今天我們就用一些例題來(lái)幫助大家分析雅思考試中常考的指代邏輯,。

首先,，我們來(lái)看一下劍橋 6P91 的 Q17。

As a result, factors such as 17_____ and attitudes to children have been eliminated.
文章中出現(xiàn)了 and 這個(gè)詞提示了我們?cè)摼溆幸粋€(gè)并列結(jié)構(gòu)，可以用 attitudes 回到原文中進(jìn)行定位,，再根據(jù) factors 和 eliminate 這兩個(gè)詞的提示回到原文定位,。
Now a long-term study carried out in Nicaragua has eliminated these factors by showing that teaching reading to poor adult women, who would other wise haveremained illiterate, has a direct effect on their children's health and survival.
我們找到了 factors 和 eliminated，但既沒有找到 and 結(jié)構(gòu),，也沒找到 attitudes,。不少同學(xué)會(huì)習(xí)慣性繼續(xù)向下尋找，進(jìn)而距離答案越來(lái)越遠(yuǎn),。這里,，我們忽視掉了非常重要的一個(gè)代詞these。它用來(lái)指代前面的結(jié)構(gòu),，也暗示前面出現(xiàn)了我們需要的 factors,。我們只需向前看一句，便得到了答案,。
Most literate women learnt to read in primary school, and the fact that a womanhas had an education may simply indicate her family's wealth or that it values itschildren more highly.
我們會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)兩個(gè)并列結(jié)構(gòu) and 和 or, 而題目中 and 后跟的‘a(chǎn)ttitudes to children ’ 與這句話中‘it values its children more highly ’做了同義轉(zhuǎn)述,，所以答案應(yīng)為 or 前方的 family’s wealth，選項(xiàng) J 即為答案,。這里 attitude 的同義轉(zhuǎn)述無(wú)形中增加了難度,，即使大家先于定位句看到這句話也不容易得到答案。但是,，有了 these 的提示,，并謹(jǐn)記‘代詞前指’這一原則，相信答案就不難找,。
同樣的案例也出現(xiàn)在了劍橋 8 的 P29,。
Positive results could be produced by factors such as 34 ………or 35 ………

原文： Just because chance had been ruled out as an explanation did not prove telepathymust exist; there were many other ways of getting positive results. These ranged from 'sensory leakage' - where clues about the pictures accidentally reach the receiver - to outright fraud. In response, the researchers issued a review of all the ganzfeld studies done up to1985 to show that 80 per cent had found statistically significant evidence. However, they also agreed that there were still too many problems in the experiments which could lead to positiveresults, and they drew up a list demanding new standards for future research.
在這里，these 指的是 positive results,，range from 和題目中的 such as 形成了同義替換關(guān)系,，因此，答案為 sensory leakage 和 outright fraud,。
實(shí)際上,，在代詞家族中 this、that,、they,、those 等都有類似用法，有心的考鴨可以在平時(shí)的學(xué)習(xí)中做個(gè)有心人,，留意觀察,，并謹(jǐn)記‘代詞前指’的原則，相信這些起到指代作用的代詞會(huì)在大家奪取雅思閱讀高分的路上助大家一臂之力,。

本文由沈陽(yáng)雅思培訓(xùn)通途國(guó)際英語(yǔ)的Cathy老師為同學(xué)們總結(jié)的雅思閱讀真題,，希望對(duì)托福備考的小伙伴有所幫助,，更多精彩內(nèi)容請(qǐng)?jiān)L問通途國(guó)際英語(yǔ)雅思頻道。