議論文中,，我們?yōu)榱烁玫恼f服別人，支撐自己的觀點(diǎn),，除了使用一些證據(jù)之外,，我們還會盡量從語言上來修飾自己的文章，讓自己的觀點(diǎn)更加打動(dòng)人,，吸引人,。比如，在議論文中使用不同的措辭（diction）,，達(dá)到的效果那肯定是不一樣,。我們今天就一起來看看措辭在議論文中是如何發(fā)揮它的說服作用的？
-1-
什么是措辭（diction）,？
choice of words especially with regard to correctness, clearness, or effectiveness
在寫作中,，措辭就是指準(zhǔn)確，清晰以及有效的用詞,。比如說查爾斯·狄更斯（Charles Dickens）《雙城記》中有這么一段：
“It was the best of times, it was the worst of times, it was the age of wisdom, it was the age of foolishness, it was the epoch of belief, it was the epoch of incredulity, it was the season of Light, it was the season of Darkness, it was the spring of hope, it was the winter of despair”
通過不斷重復(fù)的使用“it was”,，以及從各個(gè)角度去解釋times, age, epoch ,season, spring等等這些與時(shí)間相關(guān)的詞,，讓讀者能夠更加深刻地關(guān)注到小說的主題“age”的特點(diǎn)。
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措辭常見的修辭效果有哪些,？
1）傳情達(dá)意
to create and convey a typical mood, tone and atmosphere to their readers
2）影響讀者的態(tài)度
to affect the reader’s attitude
常用句型如下：
What the author does?
● The author employs stylistic elements through his / her careful choice of words…
● His / her humorous diction / scientific / negative / positive term / emotive verb / colloquialism …
● The author uses powerful negative/positive imagery…
Why he or she does it?
● …to strengthen the argument…
● …to describe their plight…
● …to emphasize the disparity between…
What effect this is likely to have on readers?
● …makes a more powerful impression on the reader.
● …create an atmosphere of disparity between…
● …the author correctly targets our instincts to…
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如何用3W原則
對diction展開深度分析,？
如何使用3W原則來分析一篇議論文中的diction呢，我們一起看個(gè)例子吧~
While college athletes may not exactly be employees, they are more than just students. Their work, which generatesexorbitantamounts of money year in and year out, deserves compensation… The NCAA currently resides in a state of pure hypocrisy. Itpreachesthat its main goal is to educate student-athletes…Disallowing athletes the ability to make a profit on their own work, though, is not just wrong. It isunjustandinhumane.
分析
The terms he uses in the article, such as“exorbitant,” “preaches,” “unjust,” and “inhumane,”allcreate an atmosphere of disparitybetween student-athlete and university,supporting the position thatthese individuals deserve a greater degree of equity during their college years.
原文如何體現(xiàn)3W原則
首先范文準(zhǔn)確的描述了原文作者寫了什么,？（The terms he uses in the article）,，即原文作者使用了一些好的詞語表達(dá),。
緊接著,，分析了這一寫作手法對讀者產(chǎn)生的效果（create an atmosphere of disparity），即營造了一種不公平的氛圍,，激發(fā)了讀者同情心,。
從而達(dá)到了作者預(yù)定的寫作目的（supporting the position that）即說服讀者相信，大學(xué)生運(yùn)動(dòng)員也需要受到像職業(yè)運(yùn)動(dòng)員一樣的公平待遇,。
本文由沈陽SAT培訓(xùn)通途國際英語的Lorraine老師為童鞋們總結(jié)的,，SAT備考的同學(xué)一定要看一下，更多精彩內(nèi)容請?jiān)L問通途國際英語SAT頻道,。
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